54.02 Bail Legislation at a glance

# Core Principles | Section | Title | Summary | | --------------------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | [[Section 1A - Purpose\|s. 1A]] | Purpose | The purpose of the Bail Act 1977; to provide framework for bail decision making. | | [[Section 1B - Guiding principles\|s. 1B]] | Guiding Principles | Guiding principles; maximize safety, right to liberty, fairness, understanding bail procedures. | | s. 3 | Definitions | Definitions of words found in the Bail Act. | | [[Section 3AAAA - Meaning of vulnerable adult\|s. 3AAAA]] | Meaning of *vulnerable adult* | Vulnerable adult = cognitive/physical/mental impairment causing difficulty in understanding rights, making/comm decision. | | [[Section 3AAA - Surrounding circumstances\|s. 3AAA]] | Surrounding circumstances | Surrounding circumstances that *must* be taken into account by the BDM (list is not limited). | | s. 3AA | Offence that is both Sch 1 and Sch 2 offence | An offence that is both Sch. 1/Sch. 2 is considered to be Sch. 1. | | s. 3AAB | Meaning of terrorism record | *Terrorism record* = convicted of terrorism/foreign incursion offence or subject to terrorism-related order. | | s. 3AAC | Meaning of terrorism risk information | Overview of *terrorism risk information*. | | s. 3A | Determination in relation to an Aboriginal person | Surrounding circumstances for **aboriginal person** (+ s. 3AAA). | | s. 3B | Determination in relation to a child | Surrounding circumstances for a **child** (+ s. 3AAA) | | s. 3C | Determination in relation to a person of or over the age of 18 years in a remand centre | Circumstances re: person 18 or older in remand centre | | s. 3D | Flow charts | Flow Charts | # Bail Tests | Section | Title | Summary | | ------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | [[Section 4 - Entitlement to bail\| s. 4]] | Entitlement to bail | Person = entitled to bail *unless* BDM **must refuse** per this Act. | | s. 4AAA | Offences in respect of which bail *must not* be refused | BDM must not refuse bail for Summary Offences not referred to in Sch. 3 (unless they have terrorism record). | | [[Section 4AA - When 2 step tests apply\|s. 4AA]] | When 2 step tests apply | When [[Exceptional Circumstances]] or [[Show Compelling Reasons]] apply. | | [[Section 4A - Step 1—exceptional circumstances test\|s. 4A]] | Step 1 - exceptional circumstances test | Alive if [[Exceptional Circumstances]] test is applicable. | | [[Section 4C - Step 1—show compelling reason test\|s. 4C]] | Step 1 - show compelling reason test | Alive if [[Show Compelling Reasons]] test is applicable. | | [[Section 4D - Step 2—unacceptable risk test\|s. 4D]] | When unacceptable risk test applies | If BDM at s. 4A(4) or s. 4C(4); must move on to [[Unacceptable Risk Test]] **or** neither test is applicable and police are running unacceptable risk test alone. | | [[Section 4E - All offences—unacceptable risk test\|s. 4E]] | All offences - unacceptable risk test | BDM *must* refuse bail if satisfied that risk exists and cannot be dealt with via bail conditions. | # Bail and Conditions | Section | Title | Summary | | ------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | [[Section 5 - Bail undertaking\|s. 5]] | Bail undertaking | Bail requires accused to return to court; accused is under duty to attend; may be subject to conditions. | | [[Section 5AAAA - Family violence risks\|s. 5AAAA(1)]] | Family violence risks | *Prosecution* must know if IVO/FVSN/DVO in place and inform court. | | s. 5AAAA(2) | -- | Accused charged with FV offence = BDM must consider risk of further FV + whether risk can be mitigated by conditions or making of IVO. | | s. 5AAA(1) | Bail conduct conditions | BDM must impose conditions that mitigate unacceptable risk. | | s. 5AAA(2) | -- | BDM must impose no more onerous conditions that required to reduce risk; regard to offence + accused circumstances; consistent with IVO's. | | s. 5AAA(3) | -- | BDM may impose condition inconsistent with IVO if satisfied will better protect safety/welfare of a victim or protected person. | | s. 5AAA(4) | -- | A list of conditions (not limited) that the BDM may impose. | | s. 5AAA(4A) | -- | BDM must consider Aboriginal bail support services where applicable. | | s. 5AAA(5) | -- | Curfew must not exceed 12 hours. | | s. 5AAA(6) | -- | Conditions are binding until varied or revoked or matter is finalised. | | s. 5AAB(1) | Bail decision maker to have regard to means of accused or bail guarantor | (1) BDM must consider if accused can pay monetary guarantee and set appropriate amount. (2) If accused cannot pay; must still consider if any conditions within s. 5AAA would assist. (3) BDM must consider if *guarantor* can pay. (4) If guarantor cannot pay; must consider s. 5AAA as at (2). | | s. 5AA | Conditions of bail granted to a child in certain circumstances | Covers Fines and relevant bail provision for children in certain circumstances. | | s. 5A | Power to return accused to youth justice centre | Power to return accused to a youth justice centre | # Proceedings | Section | Title | Summary | | --------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | | s. 7 | Opposing bail | *Opposing bail* which relates to stating we are opposing bail and some relevant non-publish orders in committal proceedings. | | s. 8(1) | Application for bail | *Relates to Applications for Bail and the rules during a hearing* (1)(aa) BDM is not bound by rules of evidence; (1)(a) BDM may make oath/affirmation inquiries considers desirable; (1)(b) Accused can't be examined, crossed re: offences charged with; (1)(c) Prosecutor can submit relevant evidence by affidavit or otherwise to prove: (i) accused previously convicted; or (ii) accused awaiting trial; or (iia) risk that accused would subject another person to FV; or (iii) prove accused previously fail to surrender; or (iv) show circumstances of alleged offence, particularly probability of conviction. (1)(d) BDM may consider any relevant matters agreed by parties; and (1)(e) BDM may receive and take into account any evidence which the BDM considers credible or trustworthy in the circumstances. | | s. 8(2) | -- | Nothing in s. 8(1)(aa) or (a) prevents Part 3.10 of the Evidence Act 2008 (being the *relevance* part of the act) | | s. 8(3) | -- | BDM may adjourn hearing for up to 4 hours if accused *seriously affected by alcohol or drugs*. | | s. 8(4) | -- | If adjourned pursuant to (3), may further remand the accused in custody until further hearing. | | s. 8(5/6) | -- | If the accused is still affected, they can again postpone the hearing for another 4 hours. | | s. 8AA | Court to make preliminary determination if terrorism risk alleged | The court ultimately determines if a *terrorism risk* exists based upon information provided to them. | | s. 12 | Power of court to grant or refuse bail | Power of the court to grant or refuse bail (2) Court must hear and determine any application for bail, variation of bail/conditions or remand in custody. (3) Court may grant or refuse bail. (3AA) Court may allow person to go at large is appropriate and not required to refuse bail. (3A) Court that grants bail must make note on remand warrant, file or other papers that person consents to bail, conditions and guarantor details. (4) If course refuses bail it must: (a) remand person in custody for future court date; *21 days if child* (b) certify remand warrant and state refusal / grounds for refusal. | | | | |